Regexp::Common::zip(3p)

NAME
Regexp::Common::zip -- provide regexes for postal codes.

SYNOPSIS
    use Regexp::Common qw /zip/;

    while (<>) {
        /^$RE{zip}{Netherlands}$/   and  print "Dutch postal code\n";
    }

DESCRIPTION
Please consult the manual of Regexp::Common for a general description of the works of this interface.

Do not use this module directly, but load it via Regexp::Common.

This module offers patterns for zip or postal codes of many different countries. They all have the form "$RE{zip}{Country}[{options}]".

The following common options are used:

  "{-prefix=[yes|no|allow]}" and "{-country=PAT}".
Postal codes can be prefixed with a country abbreviation. That is, a dutch postal code of 1234 AB can also be written as NL-1234 AB. By default, all the patterns will allow the prefixes. But this can be changed with the "-prefix" option. With "-prefix=yes", the returned pattern requires a country prefix, while "-prefix=no" disallows a prefix. Any argument that doesn't start with a "y" or a "n" allows a country prefix, but doesn't require them.

The prefixes used are, unfortunally, not always the same. Officially, ISO country codes need to be used, but the usage of CEPT codes (the same ones as used on cars) is common too. By default, each postal code will recognize a country prefix that's either the ISO standard or the CEPT code. That is, German postal codes may prefixed with either "DE" or "D". The recognized prefix can be changed with the "-country" option, which takes a (sub)pattern as argument. The arguments "iso" and "cept" are special, and indicate the language prefix should be the ISO country code, or the CEPT code.

Examples:
 /$RE{zip}{Netherlands}/;
           # Matches '1234 AB' and 'NL-1234 AB'.
 /$RE{zip}{Netherlands}{-prefix => 'no'}/;
           # Matches '1234 AB' but not 'NL-1234 AB'.
 /$RE{zip}{Netherlands}{-prefix => 'yes'}/;
           # Matches 'NL-1234 AB' but not '1234 AB'.

 /$RE{zip}{Germany}/;
           # Matches 'DE-12345' and 'D-12345'.
 /$RE{zip}{Germany}{-country => 'iso'}/;
           # Matches 'DE-12345' but not 'D-12345'.
 /$RE{zip}{Germany}{-country => 'cept'}/;
           # Matches 'D-12345' but not 'DE-12345'.
 /$RE{zip}{Germany}{-country => 'GER'}/;
           # Matches 'GER-12345'.

  "{-sep=PAT}"
Some countries have postal codes that consist of two parts. Typically there is an official way of separating those parts; but in practise people tend to use different separators. For instance, if the official way to separate parts is to use a space, it happens that the space is left off. The "-sep" option can be given a pattern as argument which indicates what to use as a separator between the parts.

Examples:
 /$RE{zip}{Netherlands}/;
           # Matches '1234 AB' but not '1234AB'.
 /$RE{zip}{Netherlands}{-sep => '\s*'}/;
           # Matches '1234 AB' and '1234AB'.

  $RE{zip}{Australia}
Returns a pattern that recognizes Australian postal codes. Australian postal codes consist of four digits; the first two digits, which range from '10' to '97', indicate the state. Territories use '02' or '08' as starting digits; the leading zero is optional. '0909' is the only postal code starting with '09' (the leading zero is optional here as well) - this is the postal code for the Nothern Territory University). The (optional) country prefixes are AU (ISO country code) and AUS (CEPT code). Regexp::Common 2.107 and before used $RE{zip}{Australia}. This is still supported.

If "{-keep}" is used, the following variables will be set:

$1  The entire postal code.

$2  The country code prefix.

$3  The postal code without the country prefix.

$4  The state or territory.

$5  The last two digits.

  $RE{zip}{Belgium}
Returns a pattern than recognizes Belgian postal codes. Belgian postal codes consist of 4 digits, of which the first indicates the province. The (optional) country prefixes are BE (ISO country code) and B (CEPT code).

If "{-keep}" is used, the following variables will be set:

$1  The entire postal code.

$2  The country code prefix.

$3  The postal code without the country prefix.

$4  The digit indicating the province.

$5  The last three digits of the postal code.

  $RE{zip}{Denmark}
Returns a pattern that recognizes Danish postal codes. Danish postal codes consist of four numbers; the first digit (which cannot be 0), indicates the distribution region, the second the distribution district. The (optional) country prefix is DK, which is both the ISO country code and the CEPT code.

If "{-keep}" is used, the following variables will be set:

$1  The entire postal code.

$2  The country code prefix.

$3  The postal code without the country prefix.

$4  The digit indicating the distribution region.

$5  The digit indicating the distribution district.

$6  The last two digits of the postal code.

  $RE{zip}{France}
Returns a pattern that recognizes French postal codes. French postal codes consist of five numbers; the first two numbers, which range from '01' to '98', indicate the department. The (optional) country prefixes are FR (ISO country code) and F (CEPT code). Regexp::Common 2.107 and before used $RE{zip}{French}. This is still supported.

If "{-keep}" is used, the following variables will be set:

$1  The entire postal code.

$2  The country code prefix.

$3  The postal code without the country prefix.

$4  The department.

$5  The last three digits.

  $RE{zip}{Germany}
Returns a pattern that recognizes German postal codes. German postal codes consist of five numbers; the first number indicating the distribution zone, the second the distribution region, while the latter three indicate the distribution district and the postal town. The (optional) country prefixes are DE (ISO country code) and D (CEPT code). Regexp::Common 2.107 and before used $RE{zip}{German}. This is still supported.

If "{-keep}" is used, the following variables will be set:

$1  The entire postal code.

$2  The country code prefix.

$3  The postal code without the country prefix.

$4  The distribution zone.

$5  The distribution region.

$6  The distribution district and postal town.

  $RE{zip}{Greenland}
Returns a pattern that recognizes postal codes from Greenland. Greenland, being part of Denmark, uses Danish postal codes. All postal codes of Greenland start with 39. The (optional) country prefix is DK, which is both the ISO country code and the CEPT code.

If "{-keep}" is used, the following variables will be set:

$1  The entire postal code.

$2  The country code prefix.

$3  The postal code without the country prefix.

$4  39, being the distribution region and distribution district for Greenland.

$5  The last two digits of the postal code.

  $RE{zip}{Italy}
Returns a pattern recognizing Italian postal codes. Italian postal codes consist of 5 digits. The first digit indicates the region, the second the province. The third digit is odd for province capitals, and even for the province itself. The fourth digit indicates the route, and the fifth a place on the route (0 for small places, alphabetically for the rest).

The country prefix is either IT (the ISO country code), or I (the CEPT code).

If "{-keep}" is used, the following variables will be set:

$1  The entire postal code.

$2  The country code prefix.

$3  The postal code without the country prefix.

$4  The region.

$5  The province.

$6  Capital or province.

$7  The route.

$8  The place on the route.

  $RE{zip}{Netherlands}
Returns a pattern that recognizes Dutch postal codes. Dutch postal codes consist of 4 digits and 2 letters, separated by a space. The separator can be changed using the "{-sep}" option, as discussed above. The (optional) country prefix is NL, which is both the ISO country code and the CEPT code. Regexp::Common 2.107 and earlier used $RE{zip}{Dutch}. This is still supported.

If "{-keep}" is used, the following variables will be set:

$1  The entire postal code.

$2  The country code prefix.

$3  The postal code without the country prefix.

$4  The digits part of the postal code.

$5  The separator between the digits and the letters.

$6  The letters part of the postal code.

  $RE{zip}{Norway}
Returns a pattern that recognizes Norwegian postal codes. Norwegian postal codes consist of four digits.

The country prefix is either NO (the ISO country code), or N (the CEPT code).

If "{-keep}" is used, the following variables will be set:

$1  The entire postal code.

$2  The country code prefix.

$3  The postal code without the country prefix.

  $RE{zip}{Spain}
Returns a pattern that recognizes Spanish postal codes. Spanish postal codes consist of 5 digits. The first 2 indicate one of Spains fifties provinces (in alphabetical order), starting with 00. The third digit indicates a main city or the main delivery rounds. The last two digits are the delivery area, secondary delivery route or a link to rural areas.

The country prefix is either ES (the ISO country code), or E (the CEPT code).

If "{-keep}" is used, the following variables will be set:

$1  The entire postal code.

$2  The country code prefix.

$3  The postal code without the country prefix.

$4  The two digits indicating the province.

$5  The digit indicating the main city or main delivery route.

$6  The digits indicating the delivery area, secondary delivery route or a link to rural areas.

  $RE{zip}{US}{-extended => [yes|no|allow]}
Returns a pattern that recognizes US zip codes. US zip codes consist of 5 digits, with an optional 4 digit extension. By default, extensions are allowed, but not required. This can be influenced by the "-extended" option. If its argument starts with a "y", extensions are required; if the argument starts with a "n", extensions will not be recognized. If an extension is used, a dash is used to separate the main part from the extension, but this can be changed with the "-sep" option.

The country prefix is either US (the ISO country code), or USA (the CEPT code).

If "{-keep}" is being used, the following variables will be set:

$1  The entire postal code.

$2  The country code prefix.

$3  The postal code without the country prefix.

$4  The first 5 digits of the postal code.

$5  The first three digits of the postal code, indicating a sectional center or a large city. New in Regexp::Common 2.119.

$6  The last 2 digits of the 5 digit part of the postal code, indicating a post office facility or delivery area. New in Regexp::Common 2.119.

$7  The separator between the 5 digit part and the 4 digit part. Up to Regexp::Common 2.118, this used to be $5.

$8  The 4 digit part of the postal code (if any). Up to Regexp::Common 2.118, this used to be $6.

$9  The first two digits of the 4 digit part of the postal code, indicating a sector, or several blocks. New in Regexp::Common 2.119.

$10 The last two digits of the 4 digit part of the postal code, indicating a segment or one side of a street. New in Regexp::Common 2.119.

You need at least version 5.005_03 to be able to use US postal codes. Older versions contain a bug that let the pattern match invalid US postal codes.

Questions

•   Can the 5 digit part of the zip code (in theory) start with 000?

•   Can the 5 digit part of the zip code (in theory) end with 00?

•   Can the 4 digit part of the zip code (in theory) start with 00?

•   Can the 4 digit part of the zip code (in theory) end with 00?

HISTORY
 $Log: zip.pm,v $
 Revision 2.112  2005/01/01 16:34:04  abigail
 - Modified the -keep captures for US zip codes. Both the 5 and 4 digit parts
   of the zip codes can be dissected into 2 parts.
 - Updated the copyright notice.

 Revision 2.111  2004/12/14 23:15:13  abigail
 Disable '-prefix' for Danish postal codes for pre-5.00503 perls.

 Revision 2.110  2004/06/09 21:44:13  abigail
 - Norway, Italy, Spain.
 - References.
 - POD nits.

 Revision 2.109  2003/07/04 13:34:05  abigail
 Fixed assignment to

 Revision 2.108  2003/06/24 23:23:14  abigail
 Australia currently has a postal code '0909' (or '909') for the
 Northern Territory University; this is the only postal code starting
 with '09'. $RE{zip}{Australia} now accepts '0909', and rejects all
 other postal codes starting with '09'. (Ron Savage).

 Revision 2.107  2003/03/25 23:46:58  abigail
 Added RCS Id: tag

 Revision 2.106  2003/02/09 21:31:16  abigail
 Postal codes for Denmark and Greenland

 Revision 2.105  2003/02/09 12:41:31  abigail
 Added Belgian postal codes

 Revision 2.104  2003/02/01 22:55:31  abigail
 Changed Copyright years

 Revision 2.103  2003/02/01 22:49:25  abigail
 Added Australian postal codes

 Revision 2.102  2003/01/23 02:18:42  abigail
 Added French postal codes

 Revision 2.101  2003/01/22 17:23:26  abigail
 German postal codes added.

 Revision 2.100  2003/01/21 23:19:40  abigail
 The whole world understands RCS/CVS version numbers, that 1.9 is an
 older version than 1.10. Except CPAN. Curse the idiot(s) who think
 that version numbers are floats (in which universe do floats have
 more than one decimal dot?).
 Everything is bumped to version 2.100 because CPAN couldn't deal
 with the fact one file had version 1.10.

 Revision 1.5  2003/01/16 11:06:27  abigail
 Typo fix.

 Revision 1.4  2003/01/16 11:02:17  abigail
 For US zip codes, version needs to be at least 5.005_03; older 5.005
 versions seem to have a bug in the regex machine, creating false
 positives.

 Revision 1.3  2003/01/13 21:45:01  abigail
 Complete redoing of Dutch & US postal codes. Documented them.

 Revision 1.2  2003/01/01 15:09:47  abigail
 Added US zip codes.

 Revision 1.1  2002/12/31 02:01:33  abigail
 First version

SEE ALSO
Regexp::Common for a general description of how to use this interface.

<http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/postal.html>
    Frank's compulsive guide to postal addresses.

<http://www.upu.int/post_code/en/addressing_formats_guide.shtml>
    Postal addressing systems.

<http://www.uni-koeln.de/~arcd2/33e.htm>
    Postal code information.

<http://www.grcdi.nl/linkspc.htm>
    Links to Postcode Pages.

<http://www1.auspost.com.au/postcodes/>
    Information about Australian postal codes.

<http://hdusps.esecurecare.net/cgi-bin/hdusps.cfg/php/enduser/std_adp.php?p_faqid=1014>
    Information about US postal codes.

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postal_code>

AUTHORS
Damian Conway (damian@conway.org) and Abigail (regexp-common@abigail.nl).

MAINTAINANCE
This package is maintained by Abigail (regexp-common@abigail.nl).

BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
Zip codes for most countries are missing. Send them in to regexp-common@abigail.nl.

COPYRIGHT
   Copyright (c) 2001 - 2005, Damian Conway and Abigail. All Rights
 Reserved. This module is free software. It may be used, redistributed
     and/or modified under the terms of the Perl Artistic License
           (see http://www.perl.com/perl/misc/Artistic.html)