DateTime::TimeZone::Catalog(3)

NAME
DateTime::TimeZone::Catalog - Provides a list of all valid time zone names

SYNOPSIS
See DateTime::TimeZone for API details.

DESCRIPTION
This module contains an enumerated list of all known system timezones, so that applications can easily present a list of timezones.

AVAILABLE ZONES

  Zones by Continent/Region
Africa

  Africa/Abidjan
  Africa/Accra
  Africa/Addis_Ababa
  Africa/Algiers
  Africa/Asmara
  Africa/Bamako
  Africa/Bangui
  Africa/Banjul
  Africa/Bissau
  Africa/Blantyre
  Africa/Brazzaville
  Africa/Bujumbura
  Africa/Cairo
  Africa/Casablanca
  Africa/Conakry
  Africa/Dakar
  Africa/Dar_es_Salaam
  Africa/Djibouti
  Africa/Douala
  Africa/El_Aaiun
  Africa/Freetown
  Africa/Gaborone
  Africa/Harare
  Africa/Johannesburg
  Africa/Kampala
  Africa/Khartoum
  Africa/Kigali
  Africa/Kinshasa
  Africa/Lagos
  Africa/Libreville
  Africa/Lome
  Africa/Luanda
  Africa/Lubumbashi
  Africa/Lusaka
  Africa/Malabo
  Africa/Maputo
  Africa/Maseru
  Africa/Mbabane
  Africa/Mogadishu
  Africa/Monrovia
  Africa/Nairobi
  Africa/Ndjamena
  Africa/Niamey
  Africa/Nouakchott
  Africa/Ouagadougou
  Africa/Porto-Novo
  Africa/Sao_Tome
  Africa/Tripoli
  Africa/Tunis
  Africa/Windhoek
  Africa/Ceuta

America

  America/Danmarkshavn
  America/Godthab
  America/Scoresbysund
  America/Thule
  America/Adak
  America/Anchorage
  America/Anguilla
  America/Antigua
  America/Atikokan
  America/Bahia_Banderas
  America/Barbados
  America/Belize
  America/Blanc-Sablon
  America/Boise
  America/Cambridge_Bay
  America/Cancun
  America/Cayman
  America/Chicago
  America/Chihuahua
  America/Costa_Rica
  America/Dawson
  America/Dawson_Creek
  America/Denver
  America/Detroit
  America/Dominica
  America/Edmonton
  America/El_Salvador
  America/Glace_Bay
  America/Goose_Bay
  America/Grand_Turk
  America/Grenada
  America/Guadeloupe
  America/Guatemala
  America/Halifax
  America/Havana
  America/Hermosillo
  America/Indiana/Indianapolis
  America/Indiana/Knox
  America/Indiana/Marengo
  America/Indiana/Petersburg
  America/Indiana/Tell_City
  America/Indiana/Vevay
  America/Indiana/Vincennes
  America/Indiana/Winamac
  America/Inuvik
  America/Iqaluit
  America/Jamaica
  America/Juneau
  America/Kentucky/Louisville
  America/Kentucky/Monticello
  America/Los_Angeles
  America/Managua
  America/Martinique
  America/Matamoros
  America/Mazatlan
  America/Menominee
  America/Merida
  America/Mexico_City
  America/Miquelon
  America/Moncton
  America/Monterrey
  America/Montreal
  America/Montserrat
  America/Nassau
  America/New_York
  America/Nipigon
  America/Nome
  America/North_Dakota/Center
  America/North_Dakota/New_Salem
  America/Ojinaga
  America/Panama
  America/Pangnirtung
  America/Phoenix
  America/Port-au-Prince
  America/Puerto_Rico
  America/Rainy_River
  America/Rankin_Inlet
  America/Regina
  America/Resolute
  America/Santa_Isabel
  America/Santo_Domingo
  America/St_Johns
  America/St_Kitts
  America/St_Lucia
  America/St_Thomas
  America/St_Vincent
  America/Swift_Current
  America/Tegucigalpa
  America/Thunder_Bay
  America/Tijuana
  America/Toronto
  America/Tortola
  America/Vancouver
  America/Whitehorse
  America/Winnipeg
  America/Yakutat
  America/Yellowknife
  America/Araguaina
  America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires
  America/Argentina/Catamarca
  America/Argentina/Cordoba
  America/Argentina/Jujuy
  America/Argentina/La_Rioja
  America/Argentina/Mendoza
  America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos
  America/Argentina/Salta
  America/Argentina/San_Juan
  America/Argentina/San_Luis
  America/Argentina/Tucuman
  America/Argentina/Ushuaia
  America/Aruba
  America/Asuncion
  America/Bahia
  America/Belem
  America/Boa_Vista
  America/Bogota
  America/Campo_Grande
  America/Caracas
  America/Cayenne
  America/Cuiaba
  America/Curacao
  America/Eirunepe
  America/Fortaleza
  America/Guayaquil
  America/Guyana
  America/La_Paz
  America/Lima
  America/Maceio
  America/Manaus
  America/Montevideo
  America/Noronha
  America/Paramaribo
  America/Port_of_Spain
  America/Porto_Velho
  America/Recife
  America/Rio_Branco
  America/Santarem
  America/Santiago
  America/Sao_Paulo

Antarctica

  Antarctica/Casey
  Antarctica/Davis
  Antarctica/DumontDUrville
  Antarctica/Macquarie
  Antarctica/Mawson
  Antarctica/McMurdo
  Antarctica/Palmer
  Antarctica/Rothera
  Antarctica/Syowa
  Antarctica/Vostok

Asia

  Asia/Aden
  Asia/Almaty
  Asia/Amman
  Asia/Aqtau
  Asia/Aqtobe
  Asia/Ashgabat
  Asia/Baghdad
  Asia/Bahrain
  Asia/Baku
  Asia/Bangkok
  Asia/Beirut
  Asia/Bishkek
  Asia/Brunei
  Asia/Choibalsan
  Asia/Chongqing
  Asia/Colombo
  Asia/Damascus
  Asia/Dhaka
  Asia/Dili
  Asia/Dubai
  Asia/Dushanbe
  Asia/Gaza
  Asia/Harbin
  Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh
  Asia/Hong_Kong
  Asia/Hovd
  Asia/Jakarta
  Asia/Jayapura
  Asia/Jerusalem
  Asia/Kabul
  Asia/Karachi
  Asia/Kashgar
  Asia/Kathmandu
  Asia/Kolkata
  Asia/Kuala_Lumpur
  Asia/Kuching
  Asia/Kuwait
  Asia/Macau
  Asia/Makassar
  Asia/Manila
  Asia/Muscat
  Asia/Nicosia
  Asia/Oral
  Asia/Phnom_Penh
  Asia/Pontianak
  Asia/Pyongyang
  Asia/Qatar
  Asia/Qyzylorda
  Asia/Rangoon
  Asia/Riyadh
  Asia/Samarkand
  Asia/Seoul
  Asia/Shanghai
  Asia/Singapore
  Asia/Taipei
  Asia/Tashkent
  Asia/Tbilisi
  Asia/Tehran
  Asia/Thimphu
  Asia/Tokyo
  Asia/Ulaanbaatar
  Asia/Urumqi
  Asia/Vientiane
  Asia/Yerevan
  Asia/Anadyr
  Asia/Irkutsk
  Asia/Kamchatka
  Asia/Krasnoyarsk
  Asia/Magadan
  Asia/Novokuznetsk
  Asia/Novosibirsk
  Asia/Omsk
  Asia/Sakhalin
  Asia/Vladivostok
  Asia/Yakutsk
  Asia/Yekaterinburg

Atlantic

  Atlantic/Cape_Verde
  Atlantic/St_Helena
  Atlantic/Azores
  Atlantic/Canary
  Atlantic/Faroe
  Atlantic/Madeira
  Atlantic/Reykjavik
  Atlantic/Bermuda
  Atlantic/South_Georgia
  Atlantic/Stanley

Australia

  Australia/Adelaide
  Australia/Brisbane
  Australia/Broken_Hill
  Australia/Currie
  Australia/Darwin
  Australia/Eucla
  Australia/Hobart
  Australia/Lindeman
  Australia/Lord_Howe
  Australia/Melbourne
  Australia/Perth
  Australia/Sydney

Europe

  Europe/Amsterdam
  Europe/Andorra
  Europe/Athens
  Europe/Belgrade
  Europe/Berlin
  Europe/Brussels
  Europe/Bucharest
  Europe/Budapest
  Europe/Chisinau
  Europe/Copenhagen
  Europe/Dublin
  Europe/Gibraltar
  Europe/Helsinki
  Europe/Istanbul
  Europe/Kaliningrad
  Europe/Kiev
  Europe/Lisbon
  Europe/London
  Europe/Luxembourg
  Europe/Madrid
  Europe/Malta
  Europe/Minsk
  Europe/Monaco
  Europe/Moscow
  Europe/Oslo
  Europe/Paris
  Europe/Prague
  Europe/Riga
  Europe/Rome
  Europe/Samara
  Europe/Simferopol
  Europe/Sofia
  Europe/Stockholm
  Europe/Tallinn
  Europe/Tirane
  Europe/Uzhgorod
  Europe/Vaduz
  Europe/Vienna
  Europe/Vilnius
  Europe/Volgograd
  Europe/Warsaw
  Europe/Zaporozhye
  Europe/Zurich

Indian

  Indian/Antananarivo
  Indian/Comoro
  Indian/Mahe
  Indian/Mauritius
  Indian/Mayotte
  Indian/Reunion
  Indian/Kerguelen
  Indian/Chagos
  Indian/Maldives
  Indian/Christmas
  Indian/Cocos

Pacific

  Pacific/Apia
  Pacific/Auckland
  Pacific/Chatham
  Pacific/Efate
  Pacific/Enderbury
  Pacific/Fakaofo
  Pacific/Fiji
  Pacific/Funafuti
  Pacific/Gambier
  Pacific/Guadalcanal
  Pacific/Guam
  Pacific/Johnston
  Pacific/Kiritimati
  Pacific/Kosrae
  Pacific/Kwajalein
  Pacific/Majuro
  Pacific/Marquesas
  Pacific/Midway
  Pacific/Nauru
  Pacific/Niue
  Pacific/Norfolk
  Pacific/Noumea
  Pacific/Pago_Pago
  Pacific/Palau
  Pacific/Pitcairn
  Pacific/Ponape
  Pacific/Port_Moresby
  Pacific/Rarotonga
  Pacific/Saipan
  Pacific/Tahiti
  Pacific/Tarawa
  Pacific/Tongatapu
  Pacific/Truk
  Pacific/Wake
  Pacific/Wallis
  Pacific/Honolulu
  Pacific/Easter
  Pacific/Galapagos

  Zones by Country
Afghanistan (AF)

  Asia/Kabul

Aland Islands (AX)

  Europe/Mariehamn

Albania (AL)

  Europe/Tirane

Algeria (DZ)

  Africa/Algiers

American Samoa (AS)

  Pacific/Pago_Pago

Andorra (AD)

  Europe/Andorra

Angola (AO)

  Africa/Luanda

Anguilla (AI)

  America/Anguilla

Antarctica (AQ)

  Antarctica/Macquarie - Macquarie Island Station, Macquarie Island
  Antarctica/Syowa - Syowa Station, E Ongul I
  Antarctica/DumontDUrville - Dumont-d'Urville Station, Terre Adelie
  Antarctica/Vostok - Vostok Station, S Magnetic Pole
  Antarctica/Casey - Casey Station, Bailey Peninsula
  Antarctica/Davis - Davis Station, Vestfold Hills
  Antarctica/Mawson - Mawson Station, Holme Bay
  Antarctica/Palmer - Palmer Station, Anvers Island
  Antarctica/Rothera - Rothera Station, Adelaide Island
  Antarctica/South_Pole - Amundsen-Scott Station, South Pole
  Antarctica/McMurdo - McMurdo Station, Ross Island

Antigua and Barbuda (AG)

  America/Antigua

Argentina (AR)

  America/Argentina/Ushuaia - Tierra del Fuego (TF)
  America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos - Santa Cruz (SC)
  America/Argentina/San_Luis - San Luis (SL)
  America/Argentina/Mendoza - Mendoza (MZ)
  America/Argentina/San_Juan - San Juan (SJ)
  America/Argentina/La_Rioja - La Rioja (LR)
  America/Argentina/Catamarca - Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH)
  America/Argentina/Tucuman - Tucuman (TM)
  America/Argentina/Jujuy - Jujuy (JY)
  America/Argentina/Salta - (SA, LP, NQ, RN)
  America/Argentina/Cordoba - most locations (CB, CC, CN, ER, FM, MN, SE, SF)
  America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires - Buenos Aires (BA, CF)

Armenia (AM)

  Asia/Yerevan

Aruba (AW)

  America/Aruba

Australia (AU)

  Australia/Eucla - Western Australia - Eucla area
  Australia/Perth - Western Australia - most locations
  Australia/Darwin - Northern Territory
  Australia/Adelaide - South Australia
  Australia/Lindeman - Queensland - Holiday Islands
  Australia/Brisbane - Queensland - most locations
  Australia/Broken_Hill - New South Wales - Yancowinna
  Australia/Sydney - New South Wales - most locations
  Australia/Melbourne - Victoria
  Australia/Currie - Tasmania - King Island
  Australia/Hobart - Tasmania - most locations
  Australia/Lord_Howe - Lord Howe Island

Austria (AT)

  Europe/Vienna

Azerbaijan (AZ)

  Asia/Baku

Bahamas (BS)

  America/Nassau

Bahrain (BH)

  Asia/Bahrain

Bangladesh (BD)

  Asia/Dhaka

Barbados (BB)

  America/Barbados

Belarus (BY)

  Europe/Minsk

Belgium (BE)

  Europe/Brussels

Belize (BZ)

  America/Belize

Benin (BJ)

  Africa/Porto-Novo

Bermuda (BM)

  Atlantic/Bermuda

Bhutan (BT)

  Asia/Thimphu

Bolivia, Plurinational State of (BO)

  America/La_Paz

Bosnia and Herzegovina (BA)

  Europe/Sarajevo

Botswana (BW)

  Africa/Gaborone

Brazil (BR)

  America/Rio_Branco - Acre
  America/Eirunepe - W Amazonas
  America/Manaus - E Amazonas
  America/Boa_Vista - Roraima
  America/Porto_Velho - Rondonia
  America/Santarem - W Para
  America/Cuiaba - Mato Grosso
  America/Campo_Grande - Mato Grosso do Sul
  America/Sao_Paulo - S & SE Brazil (GO, DF, MG, ES, RJ, SP, PR, SC, RS)
  America/Bahia - Bahia
  America/Maceio - Alagoas, Sergipe
  America/Araguaina - Tocantins
  America/Recife - Pernambuco
  America/Fortaleza - NE Brazil (MA, PI, CE, RN, PB)
  America/Belem - Amapa, E Para
  America/Noronha - Atlantic islands

British Indian Ocean Territory (IO)

  Indian/Chagos

Brunei Darussalam (BN)

  Asia/Brunei

Bulgaria (BG)

  Europe/Sofia

Burkina Faso (BF)

  Africa/Ouagadougou

Burundi (BI)

  Africa/Bujumbura

Cambodia (KH)

  Asia/Phnom_Penh

Cameroon (CM)

  Africa/Douala

Canada (CA)

  America/Dawson - Pacific Time - north Yukon
  America/Whitehorse - Pacific Time - south Yukon
  America/Vancouver - Pacific Time - west British Columbia
  America/Dawson_Creek - Mountain Standard Time - Dawson Creek & Fort Saint John, British Columbia
  America/Inuvik - Mountain Time - west Northwest Territories
  America/Yellowknife - Mountain Time - central Northwest Territories
  America/Cambridge_Bay - Mountain Time - west Nunavut
  America/Edmonton - Mountain Time - Alberta, east British Columbia & west Saskatchewan
  America/Swift_Current - Central Standard Time - Saskatchewan - midwest
  America/Regina - Central Standard Time - Saskatchewan - most locations
  America/Rainy_River - Central Time - Rainy River & Fort Frances, Ontario
  America/Winnipeg - Central Time - Manitoba & west Ontario
  America/Rankin_Inlet - Central Time - central Nunavut
  America/Atikokan - Eastern Standard Time - Atikokan, Ontario and Southampton I, Nunavut
  America/Resolute - Eastern Standard Time - Resolute, Nunavut
  America/Pangnirtung - Eastern Time - Pangnirtung, Nunavut
  America/Iqaluit - Eastern Time - east Nunavut - most locations
  America/Thunder_Bay - Eastern Time - Thunder Bay, Ontario
  America/Nipigon - Eastern Time - Ontario & Quebec - places that did not observe DST 1967-1973
  America/Toronto - Eastern Time - Ontario - most locations
  America/Montreal - Eastern Time - Quebec - most locations
  America/Blanc-Sablon - Atlantic Standard Time - Quebec - Lower North Shore
  America/Goose_Bay - Atlantic Time - Labrador - most locations
  America/Moncton - Atlantic Time - New Brunswick
  America/Glace_Bay - Atlantic Time - Nova Scotia - places that did not observe DST 1966-1971
  America/Halifax - Atlantic Time - Nova Scotia (most places), PEI
  America/St_Johns - Newfoundland Time, including SE Labrador

Cape Verde (CV)

  Atlantic/Cape_Verde

Cayman Islands (KY)

  America/Cayman

Central African Republic (CF)

  Africa/Bangui

Chad (TD)

  Africa/Ndjamena

Chile (CL)

  Pacific/Easter - Easter Island & Sala y Gomez
  America/Santiago - most locations

China (CN)

  Asia/Kashgar - west Tibet & Xinjiang
  Asia/Urumqi - most of Tibet & Xinjiang
  Asia/Chongqing - central China - Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Shaanxi, Guizhou, etc.
  Asia/Harbin - Heilongjiang (except Mohe), Jilin
  Asia/Shanghai - east China - Beijing, Guangdong, Shanghai, etc.

Christmas Island (CX)

  Indian/Christmas

Cocos (Keeling) Islands (CC)

  Indian/Cocos

Colombia (CO)

  America/Bogota

Comoros (KM)

  Indian/Comoro

Congo (CG)

  Africa/Brazzaville

Congo, The Democratic Republic of the (CD)

  Africa/Lubumbashi - east Dem. Rep. of Congo
  Africa/Kinshasa - west Dem. Rep. of Congo

Cook Islands (CK)

  Pacific/Rarotonga

Costa Rica (CR)

  America/Costa_Rica

Cote d'Ivoire (CI)

  Africa/Abidjan

Croatia (HR)

  Europe/Zagreb

Cuba (CU)

  America/Havana

Cyprus (CY)

  Asia/Nicosia

Czech Republic (CZ)

  Europe/Prague

Denmark (DK)

  Europe/Copenhagen

Djibouti (DJ)

  Africa/Djibouti

Dominica (DM)

  America/Dominica

Dominican Republic (DO)

  America/Santo_Domingo

Ecuador (EC)

  Pacific/Galapagos - Galapagos Islands
  America/Guayaquil - mainland

Egypt (EG)

  Africa/Cairo

El Salvador (SV)

  America/El_Salvador

Equatorial Guinea (GQ)

  Africa/Malabo

Eritrea (ER)

  Africa/Asmara

Estonia (EE)

  Europe/Tallinn

Ethiopia (ET)

  Africa/Addis_Ababa

Falkland Islands (Malvinas) (FK)

  Atlantic/Stanley

Faroe Islands (FO)

  Atlantic/Faroe

Fiji (FJ)

  Pacific/Fiji

Finland (FI)

  Europe/Helsinki

France (FR)

  Europe/Paris

French Guiana (GF)

  America/Cayenne

French Polynesia (PF)

  Pacific/Gambier - Gambier Islands
  Pacific/Marquesas - Marquesas Islands
  Pacific/Tahiti - Society Islands

French Southern Territories (TF)

  Indian/Kerguelen

Gabon (GA)

  Africa/Libreville

Gambia (GM)

  Africa/Banjul

Georgia (GE)

  Asia/Tbilisi

Germany (DE)

  Europe/Berlin

Ghana (GH)

  Africa/Accra

Gibraltar (GI)

  Europe/Gibraltar

Greece (GR)

  Europe/Athens

Greenland (GL)

  America/Thule - Thule / Pituffik
  America/Scoresbysund - Scoresbysund / Ittoqqortoormiit
  America/Danmarkshavn - east coast, north of Scoresbysund
  America/Godthab - most locations

Grenada (GD)

  America/Grenada

Guadeloupe (GP)

  America/Guadeloupe

Guam (GU)

  Pacific/Guam

Guatemala (GT)

  America/Guatemala

Guernsey (GG)

  Europe/Guernsey

Guinea (GN)

  Africa/Conakry

Guinea-Bissau (GW)

  Africa/Bissau

Guyana (GY)

  America/Guyana

Haiti (HT)

  America/Port-au-Prince

Holy See (Vatican City State) (VA)

  Europe/Vatican

Honduras (HN)

  America/Tegucigalpa

Hong Kong (HK)

  Asia/Hong_Kong

Hungary (HU)

  Europe/Budapest

Iceland (IS)

  Atlantic/Reykjavik

India (IN)

  Asia/Kolkata

Indonesia (ID)

  Asia/Jayapura - Irian Jaya & the Moluccas
  Asia/Makassar - east & south Borneo, Celebes, Bali, Nusa Tengarra, west Timor
  Asia/Pontianak - west & central Borneo
  Asia/Jakarta - Java & Sumatra

Iran, Islamic Republic of (IR)

  Asia/Tehran

Iraq (IQ)

  Asia/Baghdad

Ireland (IE)

  Europe/Dublin

Isle of Man (IM)

  Europe/Isle_of_Man

Israel (IL)

  Asia/Jerusalem

Italy (IT)

  Europe/Rome

Jamaica (JM)

  America/Jamaica

Japan (JP)

  Asia/Tokyo

Jersey (JE)

  Europe/Jersey

Jordan (JO)

  Asia/Amman

Kazakhstan (KZ)

  Asia/Oral - West Kazakhstan
  Asia/Aqtau - Atyrau (Atirau, Gur'yev), Mangghystau (Mankistau)
  Asia/Aqtobe - Aqtobe (Aktobe)
  Asia/Qyzylorda - Qyzylorda (Kyzylorda, Kzyl-Orda)
  Asia/Almaty - most locations

Kenya (KE)

  Africa/Nairobi

Kiribati (KI)

  Pacific/Kiritimati - Line Islands
  Pacific/Enderbury - Phoenix Islands
  Pacific/Tarawa - Gilbert Islands

Korea, Democratic People's Republic of (KP)

  Asia/Pyongyang

Korea, Republic of (KR)

  Asia/Seoul

Kuwait (KW)

  Asia/Kuwait

Kyrgyzstan (KG)

  Asia/Bishkek

Lao People's Democratic Republic (LA)

  Asia/Vientiane

Latvia (LV)

  Europe/Riga

Lebanon (LB)

  Asia/Beirut

Lesotho (LS)

  Africa/Maseru

Liberia (LR)

  Africa/Monrovia

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (LY)

  Africa/Tripoli

Liechtenstein (LI)

  Europe/Vaduz

Lithuania (LT)

  Europe/Vilnius

Luxembourg (LU)

  Europe/Luxembourg

Macao (MO)

  Asia/Macau

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of (MK)

  Europe/Skopje

Madagascar (MG)

  Indian/Antananarivo

Malawi (MW)

  Africa/Blantyre

Malaysia (MY)

  Asia/Kuching - Sabah & Sarawak
  Asia/Kuala_Lumpur - peninsular Malaysia

Maldives (MV)

  Indian/Maldives

Mali (ML)

  Africa/Bamako

Malta (MT)

  Europe/Malta

Marshall Islands (MH)

  Pacific/Kwajalein - Kwajalein
  Pacific/Majuro - most locations

Martinique (MQ)

  America/Martinique

Mauritania (MR)

  Africa/Nouakchott

Mauritius (MU)

  Indian/Mauritius

Mayotte (YT)

  Indian/Mayotte

Mexico (MX)

  America/Bahia_Banderas - Mexican Central Time - Bahia de Banderas
  America/Santa_Isabel - Mexican Pacific Time - Baja California away from US border
  America/Tijuana - US Pacific Time - Baja California near US border
  America/Hermosillo - Mountain Standard Time - Sonora
  America/Ojinaga - US Mountain Time - Chihuahua near US border
  America/Chihuahua - Mexican Mountain Time - Chihuahua away from US border
  America/Mazatlan - Mountain Time - S Baja, Nayarit, Sinaloa
  America/Matamoros - US Central Time - Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas near US border
  America/Monterrey - Mexican Central Time - Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas away from US border
  America/Merida - Central Time - Campeche, Yucatan
  America/Cancun - Central Time - Quintana Roo
  America/Mexico_City - Central Time - most locations

Micronesia, Federated States of (FM)

  Pacific/Kosrae - Kosrae
  Pacific/Ponape - Ponape (Pohnpei)
  Pacific/Truk - Truk (Chuuk) and Yap

Moldova, Republic of (MD)

  Europe/Chisinau

Monaco (MC)

  Europe/Monaco

Mongolia (MN)

  Asia/Choibalsan - Dornod, Sukhbaatar
  Asia/Hovd - Bayan-Olgiy, Govi-Altai, Hovd, Uvs, Zavkhan
  Asia/Ulaanbaatar - most locations

Montenegro (ME)

  Europe/Podgorica

Montserrat (MS)

  America/Montserrat

Morocco (MA)

  Africa/Casablanca

Mozambique (MZ)

  Africa/Maputo

Myanmar (MM)

  Asia/Rangoon

Namibia (NA)

  Africa/Windhoek

Nauru (NR)

  Pacific/Nauru

Nepal (NP)

  Asia/Kathmandu

Netherlands (NL)

  Europe/Amsterdam

Netherlands Antilles (AN)

  America/Curacao

New Caledonia (NC)

  Pacific/Noumea

New Zealand (NZ)

  Pacific/Chatham - Chatham Islands
  Pacific/Auckland - most locations

Nicaragua (NI)

  America/Managua

Niger (NE)

  Africa/Niamey

Nigeria (NG)

  Africa/Lagos

Niue (NU)

  Pacific/Niue

Norfolk Island (NF)

  Pacific/Norfolk

Northern Mariana Islands (MP)

  Pacific/Saipan

Norway (NO)

  Europe/Oslo

Oman (OM)

  Asia/Muscat

Pakistan (PK)

  Asia/Karachi

Palau (PW)

  Pacific/Palau

Palestinian Territory, Occupied (PS)

  Asia/Gaza

Panama (PA)

  America/Panama

Papua New Guinea (PG)

  Pacific/Port_Moresby

Paraguay (PY)

  America/Asuncion

Peru (PE)

  America/Lima

Philippines (PH)

  Asia/Manila

Pitcairn (PN)

  Pacific/Pitcairn

Poland (PL)

  Europe/Warsaw

Portugal (PT)

  Atlantic/Azores - Azores
  Atlantic/Madeira - Madeira Islands
  Europe/Lisbon - mainland

Puerto Rico (PR)

  America/Puerto_Rico

Qatar (QA)

  Asia/Qatar

Reunion (RE)

  Indian/Reunion

Romania (RO)

  Europe/Bucharest

Russian Federation (RU)

  Asia/Anadyr - Moscow+08 - Bering Sea
  Asia/Kamchatka - Moscow+08 - Kamchatka
  Asia/Magadan - Moscow+08 - Magadan
  Asia/Sakhalin - Moscow+07 - Sakhalin Island
  Asia/Vladivostok - Moscow+07 - Amur River
  Asia/Yakutsk - Moscow+06 - Lena River
  Asia/Irkutsk - Moscow+05 - Lake Baikal
  Asia/Krasnoyarsk - Moscow+04 - Yenisei River
  Asia/Novokuznetsk - Moscow+03 - Novokuznetsk
  Asia/Novosibirsk - Moscow+03 - Novosibirsk
  Asia/Omsk - Moscow+03 - west Siberia
  Asia/Yekaterinburg - Moscow+02 - Urals
  Europe/Samara - Moscow - Samara, Udmurtia
  Europe/Volgograd - Moscow+00 - Caspian Sea
  Europe/Moscow - Moscow+00 - west Russia
  Europe/Kaliningrad - Moscow-01 - Kaliningrad

Rwanda (RW)

  Africa/Kigali

Saint Barthelemy (BL)

  America/St_Barthelemy

Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (SH)

  Atlantic/St_Helena

Saint Kitts and Nevis (KN)

  America/St_Kitts

Saint Lucia (LC)

  America/St_Lucia

Saint Martin (MF)

  America/Marigot

Saint Pierre and Miquelon (PM)

  America/Miquelon

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (VC)

  America/St_Vincent

Samoa (WS)

  Pacific/Apia

San Marino (SM)

  Europe/San_Marino

Sao Tome and Principe (ST)

  Africa/Sao_Tome

Saudi Arabia (SA)

  Asia/Riyadh

Senegal (SN)

  Africa/Dakar

Serbia (RS)

  Europe/Belgrade

Seychelles (SC)

  Indian/Mahe

Sierra Leone (SL)

  Africa/Freetown

Singapore (SG)

  Asia/Singapore

Slovakia (SK)

  Europe/Bratislava

Slovenia (SI)

  Europe/Ljubljana

Solomon Islands (SB)

  Pacific/Guadalcanal

Somalia (SO)

  Africa/Mogadishu

South Africa (ZA)

  Africa/Johannesburg

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (GS)

  Atlantic/South_Georgia

Spain (ES)

  Atlantic/Canary - Canary Islands
  Africa/Ceuta - Ceuta & Melilla
  Europe/Madrid - mainland

Sri Lanka (LK)

  Asia/Colombo

Sudan (SD)

  Africa/Khartoum

Suriname (SR)

  America/Paramaribo

Svalbard and Jan Mayen (SJ)

  Arctic/Longyearbyen

Swaziland (SZ)

  Africa/Mbabane

Sweden (SE)

  Europe/Stockholm

Switzerland (CH)

  Europe/Zurich

Syrian Arab Republic (SY)

  Asia/Damascus

Taiwan, Province of China (TW)

  Asia/Taipei

Tajikistan (TJ)

  Asia/Dushanbe

Tanzania, United Republic of (TZ)

  Africa/Dar_es_Salaam

Thailand (TH)

  Asia/Bangkok

Timor-Leste (TL)

  Asia/Dili

Togo (TG)

  Africa/Lome

Tokelau (TK)

  Pacific/Fakaofo

Tonga (TO)

  Pacific/Tongatapu

Trinidad and Tobago (TT)

  America/Port_of_Spain

Tunisia (TN)

  Africa/Tunis

Turkey (TR)

  Europe/Istanbul

Turkmenistan (TM)

  Asia/Ashgabat

Turks and Caicos Islands (TC)

  America/Grand_Turk

Tuvalu (TV)

  Pacific/Funafuti

Uganda (UG)

  Africa/Kampala

Ukraine (UA)

  Europe/Simferopol - central Crimea
  Europe/Zaporozhye - Zaporozh'ye, E Lugansk / Zaporizhia, E Luhansk
  Europe/Uzhgorod - Ruthenia
  Europe/Kiev - most locations

United Arab Emirates (AE)

  Asia/Dubai

United Kingdom (GB)

  Europe/London

United States (US)

  Pacific/Honolulu - Hawaii
  America/Adak - Aleutian Islands
  America/Nome - Alaska Time - west Alaska
  America/Yakutat - Alaska Time - Alaska panhandle neck
  America/Juneau - Alaska Time - Alaska panhandle
  America/Anchorage - Alaska Time
  America/Los_Angeles - Pacific Time
  America/Phoenix - Mountain Standard Time - Arizona
  America/Shiprock - Mountain Time - Navajo
  America/Boise - Mountain Time - south Idaho & east Oregon
  America/Denver - Mountain Time
  America/North_Dakota/New_Salem - Central Time - North Dakota - Morton County (except Mandan area)
  America/North_Dakota/Center - Central Time - North Dakota - Oliver County
  America/Menominee - Central Time - Michigan - Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron & Menominee Counties
  America/Indiana/Knox - Central Time - Indiana - Starke County
  America/Indiana/Tell_City - Central Time - Indiana - Perry County
  America/Chicago - Central Time
  America/Indiana/Vevay - Eastern Time - Indiana - Switzerland County
  America/Indiana/Petersburg - Eastern Time - Indiana - Pike County
  America/Indiana/Marengo - Eastern Time - Indiana - Crawford County
  America/Indiana/Winamac - Eastern Time - Indiana - Pulaski County
  America/Indiana/Vincennes - Eastern Time - Indiana - Daviess, Dubois, Knox & Martin Counties
  America/Indiana/Indianapolis - Eastern Time - Indiana - most locations
  America/Kentucky/Monticello - Eastern Time - Kentucky - Wayne County
  America/Kentucky/Louisville - Eastern Time - Kentucky - Louisville area
  America/Detroit - Eastern Time - Michigan - most locations
  America/New_York - Eastern Time

United States Minor Outlying Islands (UM)

  Pacific/Wake - Wake Island
  Pacific/Midway - Midway Islands
  Pacific/Johnston - Johnston Atoll

Uruguay (UY)

  America/Montevideo

Uzbekistan (UZ)

  Asia/Tashkent - east Uzbekistan
  Asia/Samarkand - west Uzbekistan

Vanuatu (VU)

  Pacific/Efate

Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of (VE)

  America/Caracas

Viet Nam (VN)

  Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh

Virgin Islands, British (VG)

  America/Tortola

Virgin Islands, U.S. (VI)

  America/St_Thomas

Wallis and Futuna (WF)

  Pacific/Wallis

Western Sahara (EH)

  Africa/El_Aaiun

Yemen (YE)

  Asia/Aden

Zambia (ZM)

  Africa/Lusaka

Zimbabwe (ZW)

  Africa/Harare

  Linked Zones
A linked zone is an alias from one name to another.

  AKST9AKDT => America/Anchorage
  Africa/Asmera => Africa/Asmara
  Africa/Timbuktu => Africa/Bamako
  America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia => America/Argentina/Catamarca
  America/Atka => America/Adak
  America/Buenos_Aires => America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires
  America/Catamarca => America/Argentina/Catamarca
  America/Coral_Harbour => America/Atikokan
  America/Cordoba => America/Argentina/Cordoba
  America/Ensenada => America/Tijuana
  America/Fort_Wayne => America/Indiana/Indianapolis
  America/Indianapolis => America/Indiana/Indianapolis
  America/Jujuy => America/Argentina/Jujuy
  America/Knox_IN => America/Indiana/Knox
  America/Louisville => America/Kentucky/Louisville
  America/Marigot => America/Guadeloupe
  America/Mendoza => America/Argentina/Mendoza
  America/Porto_Acre => America/Rio_Branco
  America/Rosario => America/Argentina/Cordoba
  America/Shiprock => America/Denver
  America/St_Barthelemy => America/Guadeloupe
  America/Virgin => America/St_Thomas
  Antarctica/South_Pole => Antarctica/McMurdo
  Arctic/Longyearbyen => Europe/Oslo
  Asia/Ashkhabad => Asia/Ashgabat
  Asia/Calcutta => Asia/Kolkata
  Asia/Chungking => Asia/Chongqing
  Asia/Dacca => Asia/Dhaka
  Asia/Istanbul => Europe/Istanbul
  Asia/Katmandu => Asia/Kathmandu
  Asia/Macao => Asia/Macau
  Asia/Saigon => Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh
  Asia/Tel_Aviv => Asia/Jerusalem
  Asia/Thimbu => Asia/Thimphu
  Asia/Ujung_Pandang => Asia/Makassar
  Asia/Ulan_Bator => Asia/Ulaanbaatar
  Atlantic/Faeroe => Atlantic/Faroe
  Atlantic/Jan_Mayen => Europe/Oslo
  Australia/ACT => Australia/Sydney
  Australia/Canberra => Australia/Sydney
  Australia/LHI => Australia/Lord_Howe
  Australia/NSW => Australia/Sydney
  Australia/North => Australia/Darwin
  Australia/Queensland => Australia/Brisbane
  Australia/South => Australia/Adelaide
  Australia/Tasmania => Australia/Hobart
  Australia/Victoria => Australia/Melbourne
  Australia/West => Australia/Perth
  Australia/Yancowinna => Australia/Broken_Hill
  Brazil/Acre => America/Rio_Branco
  Brazil/DeNoronha => America/Noronha
  Brazil/East => America/Sao_Paulo
  Brazil/West => America/Manaus
  Canada/Atlantic => America/Halifax
  Canada/Central => America/Winnipeg
  Canada/East-Saskatchewan => America/Regina
  Canada/Eastern => America/Toronto
  Canada/Mountain => America/Edmonton
  Canada/Newfoundland => America/St_Johns
  Canada/Pacific => America/Vancouver
  Canada/Saskatchewan => America/Regina
  Canada/Yukon => America/Whitehorse
  Chile/Continental => America/Santiago
  Chile/EasterIsland => Pacific/Easter
  Cuba => America/Havana
  Egypt => Africa/Cairo
  Eire => Europe/Dublin
  Etc/GMT => UTC
  Etc/GMT+0 => UTC
  Etc/UCT => UTC
  Etc/UTC => UTC
  Etc/Universal => UTC
  Etc/Zulu => UTC
  Europe/Belfast => Europe/London
  Europe/Bratislava => Europe/Prague
  Europe/Guernsey => Europe/London
  Europe/Isle_of_Man => Europe/London
  Europe/Jersey => Europe/London
  Europe/Ljubljana => Europe/Belgrade
  Europe/Mariehamn => Europe/Helsinki
  Europe/Nicosia => Asia/Nicosia
  Europe/Podgorica => Europe/Belgrade
  Europe/San_Marino => Europe/Rome
  Europe/Sarajevo => Europe/Belgrade
  Europe/Skopje => Europe/Belgrade
  Europe/Tiraspol => Europe/Chisinau
  Europe/Vatican => Europe/Rome
  Europe/Zagreb => Europe/Belgrade
  GB => Europe/London
  GB-Eire => Europe/London
  GMT => UTC
  GMT+0 => UTC
  GMT-0 => UTC
  GMT0 => UTC
  Greenwich => UTC
  Hongkong => Asia/Hong_Kong
  Iceland => Atlantic/Reykjavik
  Iran => Asia/Tehran
  Israel => Asia/Jerusalem
  JST-9 => Asia/Tokyo
  Jamaica => America/Jamaica
  Japan => Asia/Tokyo
  Kwajalein => Pacific/Kwajalein
  Libya => Africa/Tripoli
  Mexico/BajaNorte => America/Tijuana
  Mexico/BajaSur => America/Mazatlan
  Mexico/General => America/Mexico_City
  NZ => Pacific/Auckland
  NZ-CHAT => Pacific/Chatham
  Navajo => America/Denver
  PRC => Asia/Shanghai
  Pacific/Samoa => Pacific/Pago_Pago
  Pacific/Yap => Pacific/Truk
  Poland => Europe/Warsaw
  Portugal => Europe/Lisbon
  ROC => Asia/Taipei
  ROK => Asia/Seoul
  Singapore => Asia/Singapore
  Turkey => Europe/Istanbul
  UCT => UTC
  US/Alaska => America/Anchorage
  US/Aleutian => America/Adak
  US/Arizona => America/Phoenix
  US/Central => America/Chicago
  US/East-Indiana => America/Indiana/Indianapolis
  US/Eastern => America/New_York
  US/Hawaii => Pacific/Honolulu
  US/Indiana-Starke => America/Indiana/Knox
  US/Michigan => America/Detroit
  US/Mountain => America/Denver
  US/Pacific => America/Los_Angeles
  US/Pacific-New => America/Los_Angeles
  US/Samoa => Pacific/Pago_Pago
  Universal => UTC
  W-SU => Europe/Moscow
  Zulu => UTC