saned(8)                 SANE Scanner Access Now Easy                 saned(8)



NAME
       saned - SANE network daemon

SYNOPSIS
       saned [ -a [ username ] | -d [ n ] | -s [ n ] ]

DESCRIPTION
       saned is the SANE (Scanner Access Now Easy) daemon that allows remote
       clients to access image acquisition devices available on the local
       host.

OPTIONS
       The -a flag requests that saned run in standalone daemon mode. In this
       mode, saned will detach from the console and run in the background,
       listening for incoming client connections; inetd is not required for
       saned operations in this mode. If the optional username is given after
       -a , saned will drop root privileges and run as this user (and group).

       The -d and -s flags request that saned run in debug mode (as opposed to
       inetd(8) mode).  In this mode, saned explicitly waits for a connection
       request.  When compiled with debugging enabled, these flags may be
       followed by a number to request debug info. The larger the number, the
       more verbose the debug output.  E.g., -d128 will request printing of
       all debug info. Debug level 0 means no debug output at all. The default
       value is 2. If flag -d is used, the debug messages will be printed to
       stderr while -s requests using syslog.

       If saned is run from inetd or xinetd, no option can be given.

CONFIGURATION
       First and foremost: saned is not intended to be exposed to the internet
       or other non-trusted networks. Make sure that access is limited by
       tcpwrappers and/or a firewall setup. Don't depend only on saned's own
       authentication. Don't run saned as root if it's not necessary. And do
       not install saned as setuid root.

       The saned.conf configuration file contains both options for the daemon
       and the access list.

       data_portrange = min_port - max_port
              Specify the port range to use for the data connection. Pick a
              port range between 1024 and 65535; don't pick a too large port
              range, as it may have performance issues. Use this option if
              your saned server is sitting behind a firewall. If that firewall
              is a Linux machine, we strongly recommend using the Netfilter
              nf_conntrack_sane module instead.

       The access list is a list of host names, IP addresses or IP subnets
       (CIDR notation) that are permitted to use local SANE devices. IPv6
       addresses must be enclosed in brackets, and should always be specified
       in their compressed form. Connections from localhost are always
       permitted. Empty lines and lines starting with a hash mark (#) are
       ignored. A line containing the single character ``+'' is interpreted to
       match any hostname. This allows any remote machine to use your scanner
       and may present a security risk, so this shouldn't be used unless you
       know what you're doing.

       A sample configuration file is shown below:

              # Daemon options
              data_portrange = 10000 - 10100
              # Access list
              scan-client.somedomain.firm
              # this is a comment
              192.168.0.1
              192.168.2.12/29
              [::1]
              [2001:7a8:185e::42:12]/64

       The case of the host names does not matter, so AHost.COM is considered
       identical to ahost.com.

INETD CONFIGURATION
       For saned to work properly in its default mode of operation, it is also
       necessary to add a configuration line to /etc/inetd.conf.  Note that
       your inetd must support IPv6 if you want to connect to saned over IPv6
       ; xinetd and openbsd-inetd are known to support IPv6, check the
       documentation for your inetd daemon.

       The configuration line normally looks like this:

              sane-port stream tcp nowait _saned._saned
              /usr/local/libexec/saned saned

       However, if your system uses tcpd(8) for additional security screening,
       you may want to disable saned access control by putting ``+'' in
       saned.conf and use a line of the following form in /etc/inetd.conf
       instead:

              sane-port stream tcp nowait _saned._saned /usr/sbin/tcpd
              /usr/local/libexec/saned

       Note that both examples assume that there is a _saned group and a
       _saned user.  If you follow this example, please make sure that the
       access permissions on the special device are set such that _saned can
       access the scanner (the program generally needs read and write access
       to scanner devices).

       If xinetd is installed on your system instead of inetd the following
       example for xinetd.conf may be helpful:

              # default: off
              # description: The sane server accepts requests
              # for network access to a local scanner via the
              # network.
              service sane-port
              {
                 port        = 6566
                 socket_type = stream
                 wait        = no
                 user        = _saned
                 group       = _saned
                 server      = /usr/local/libexec/saned
              }

       Finally, it is also necessary to add a line of the following form to
       /etc/services:

              sane-port 6566/tcp # SANE network scanner daemon

       The official IANA short name for port 6566 is "sane-port". The older
       name "sane" is now deprecated.


FILES
       /etc/hosts.equiv
              The hosts listed in this file are permitted to access all local
              SANE devices.  Caveat: this file imposes serious security risks
              and its use is not recommended.

       /etc/sane.d/saned.conf
              Contains a list of hosts permitted to access local SANE devices
              (see also description of SANE_CONFIG_DIR below).

       /etc/sane.d/saned.users
              If this file contains lines of the form

              user:password:backend

              access to the listed backends is restricted. A backend may be
              listed multiple times for different user/password combinations.
              The server uses MD5 hashing if supported by the client.

ENVIRONMENT
       SANE_CONFIG_DIR
              This environment variable specifies the list of directories that
              may contain the configuration file.  Under UNIX, the directories
              are separated by a colon (`:'), under OS/2, they are separated
              by a semi-colon (`;').  If this variable is not set, the
              configuration file is searched in two default directories:
              first, the current working directory (".") and then in
              /etc/sane.d.  If the value of the environment variable ends with
              the directory separator character, then the default directories
              are searched after the explicitly specified directories.  For
              example, setting SANE_CONFIG_DIR to "/tmp/config:" would result
              in directories "tmp/config", ".", and "/etc/sane.d" being
              searched (in this order).


SEE ALSO
       sane(7), scanimage(1), xscanimage(1), xcam(1), sane-dll(5),
       sane-net(5), sane-"backendname"(5)
       http://www.penguin-breeder.org/?page=sane-net

AUTHOR
       David Mosberger



                                  20 Apr 2009                         saned(8)
